Patient was educated on causes and risk factors for angina as follows: Cardiac arrhythmias Individuals with history of cardiac arrhythmias are at increased risk for blood clot formation, which can obstruct the coronary arteries, compromise blood supply to the heart, and lead to angina. Loss of fluid volume Any factors causing loss of fluid and blood volume, such as, bleeding, diarrhea, dehydration, hot environmental conditions with increased sweating, can contribute towards reduced blood supply to [...]

Patient was educated on causes and risk factors for angina as follows: High altitudes Atmospheric pressure is needed for dissolving oxygen, which is important for oxygen to be transported in the blood, bound to hemoglobin. At high altitudes, the atmospheric pressure will be lower than normal and consequently, oxygen will be poorly dissolved and is difficult to be transported in blood, bound to hemoglobin. This results in reduced oxygen supply to all body tissues, including [...]

Patient was educated on causes and risk factors for angina as follows: Atherosclerosis Deposition of cholesterol plaques on the inner surface of the coronary arteries in individuals with history of atherosclerosis can result in collapse of the coronary arteries, thus compromising blood supply to cardiac muscle and precipitate episodes of angina. Emotional stress Hormones released during stress, such as, adrenaline and noradrenaline, increase the blood pressure, by causing generalized constriction of blood vessels, including the [...]

Patient was educated regarding variant angina as follows: Variant angina is a form of angina precipitated even during rest, can come on in bouts with increasing intensity, and so, is difficult to manage. Chest pain is brought on by sudden, severe, and temporary spasm of the coronary arteries, which results in the arteries closing down and compromising blood supply to the heart. This leads to the disproportion between the demand and oxygen supply to cardiac [...]

Patient was educated regarding unstable angina as follows: Unstable angina is a form of angina precipitated even during rest, comes on in bouts with increasing intensity, and so, is difficult to manage. Chest pain is brought on by conditions such as, any emboli or blood clots in the circulation causing sudden and severe blocking of the coronary arteries. This blockage of coronary arteries can compromise the blood supply to the heart and lead to the [...]