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Pathophysiology of Seizures

Patient/caregiver was instructed upon the pathophysiology of seizures as follows: Nerve impulses in the brain are transmitted from one cell to the other as mild electrical impulses. Many factors such as, neurotransmitters in the brain, sodium and glucose concentrations in the blood, bacterial infections, blood and oxygen supply to the brain, and mechanical injury to the brain play a significant role in influencing these nerve impulses in the brain. Some of these factors can act [...]

Precautions to be Exercised While Taking Topiramate-8

Patient/caregiver was educated on precautions to be exercised while taking topiramate as follows: Topiramate can take some time to fairly adjust to your body and reach a therapeutic level in your blood, before preventing seizure episodes. Topiramate also can be used to prevent migraine headaches and takes some time to reach the therapeutic levels. Do not discontinue taking the medication without your physician’s consult, as you failed to see the desired result immediately after taking [...]

Precautions to be Exercised While Taking Topiramate-7

Patient/caregiver was educated on precautions to be exercised while taking topiramate as follows: Topiramate use can result in obstruction to the drainage of fluid (aqueous humor) in the eye, increase in the intraocular pressure, and leading to glaucoma. Individuals can present with eye pain, headache, and diminished vision with haloes around light, which can progress to vision loss and permanent blindness, if not acted upon immediately. Observe compliance with any periodical vision exams recommended. Report [...]

Precautions to be Exercised While Taking Topiramate-6

Patient/caregiver was educated on precautions to be exercised while taking topiramate as follows: Topiramate use can result in poor motor coordination and unsteadiness, with increased fall risk and accidents. Confusion and dizziness with topiramate use, can add to the motor incoordination, thus enhancing the fall risk significantly. Observing compliance with general fall prevention measures and DME recommended, such as, cane or walker, can help prevent falls and injuries. Topiramate use can result in reduced sweating [...]

Precautions to be Exercised While Taking Topiramate-5

Patient/caregiver was educated on precautions to be exercised while taking topiramate as follows: Metabolic acidosis induced by topiramate intake can result in increased bone dissolution and loss of calcium and phosphate minerals from the bone, resulting in demineralization of bone. This can lead to weakened skeletal framework, osteoporosis, and fractures with slightest injury. Individuals with history of osteoporosis are at increased risk for skeletal injury and fractures with topiramate use. Report unusual skeletal and bone [...]