Patient was educated on dysphagia as follows:

1. Dysphagia is defined as difficulty or impaired chewing and /or swallowing.
2. Process of swallowing involves 2 phases

• Oropharyngeal phase
• Esophageal phase

3. Dysphagia can involve either the oropharyngeal or the esophageal or both phases of swallowing.
4. Neuromuscular disorders, such as, stroke, Parkinson’s, and multiple sclerosis involve mostly the oropharyngeal phase of swallowing. Patients with this kind of dysphagia have more difficulty with swallowing liquids than solids.
5. Esophageal dysphagia typically occurs secondary to the long-term acid reflux from the stomach, resulting in chronic inflammation, stricture, and narrowing of esophagus. Individuals with cancer of the esophagus also present with this kind of dysphagia. Patients with this kind of dysphagia have more difficulty with swallowing solids than liquids.