Patient was educated on pathophysiology of deep vein thrombosis as follows: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a condition, when blood clots form in the deep veins of the body, secondary to slow blood flow and changes in the thickness of blood. Bilateral lower extremities and lower parts of the body below the heart level are more prone for formation of these clots, as venous blood flow in these body parts is sluggish, in comparison to [...]

Patient was educated on the details of cardiac conduction system elements as follows: Bundle of His This is a bundleof cardiac muscle fibers located in the upper part of septum between the two ventricles. Impulse from the AV node reaches the bundle of His in the upper part of interventricular septum. This bundle of fibers branch out into left and right bundle branches, spreading the impulse onto the left and right ventricles respectively. Left and [...]

Patient was educated on the details of the cardiac conduction system elements as follows: Sinoatrial Node or SA Node This consists of a group of cells located in the upper part of the wall of the right atrium. This is the natural pacemaker of the heart, where a cardiac impulse is initiated. The impulse initiated here will spread along the musculature of the right atrium to the next junction, AV node. Blood flows in the [...]

Patient was educated on cardiac conduction system as follows: The cardiac conduction system is the path taken by a normal cardiac impulse initiated in the heart and propagated across the chambers of the heart. Compliance with this normal regular path is important for the normal execution of one way contractile function of the heart. The path consists of 5 elements as listed below Sinoatrial node or SA node Atrioventricular node or AV node Bundle of [...]