Patient was educated that signs and symptoms of mitral regurgitation can vary from mild to severe depending on the degree of regurgitation and the extent of obstruction to the blood return. Signs and symptoms are as follows: Diminished function of vital organs Compromised blood and oxygen supply to the vital organs affect their function gradually. Blood supply could be reduced to all organs, such as, brain, heart, lung, stomach, and kidneys, affecting their function. Palpitations [...]

Patient was educated that signs and symptoms of mitral regurgitation can vary from mild to severe depending on the degree of regurgitation and the extent of obstruction to the blood return. Signs and symptoms are as follows: Dizziness and lightheadedness Reduced output of blood from the left heart into the general circulation, results in low blood pressure and result in hypotensive symptoms of dizziness and lightheadedness. Tachycardia This could be a compensatory response to the [...]

Patient was educated on mitral regurgitation and its pathogenesis as follows: Mitral valve is the valve between the left atrium and left ventricle and is also called left atrioventricular valve. Mitral valve permits one-way flow of blood, from the left atrium to left ventricle. Mitral regurgitation is a condition of incomplete closing of the mitral valve, resulting in back flow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium. The volume of oxygenated blood [...]

Patient was educated that signs and symptoms of mitral stenosis can vary from mild to severe depending on the degree of stenosis and the extent of obstruction to the blood flow. Signs and symptoms are as follows: Palpitations and arrhythmia Damaged heart muscle, secondary to poor blood and oxygen supply to the heart muscle, can lead to palpitations and arrhythmias. Diminished function of vital organs Compromised blood and oxygen supply to the vital organs affect [...]