Patient/caregiver was instructed on risk factors for UTI in females as follows:
UTI is more common in females compared to males owing to the urethra located in close proximity to the vagina and anus. This proximity increases bacterial access to the urethra, thus increasing risk for UTI. Also, the urethra is shorter in females and the bacteria now have to travel shorter distance to infect other parts of the urinary system and cause UTI.
Poor fluid intake:
- Intake of daily recommended fluid volume can result in normal volume of urine formation.
- Elimination of the urine flushes out any bacterial organisms in the urinary tract and thus helps inhibit colonization of bacteria and prevent development of UTI.
- Poor fluid intake leads to compromised urine volume and poor urine volume finds it difficult to flush out any bacteria from the urinary tract.
- Continued presence of bacteria in the urinary tract can lead to the bacteria gaining hold, colonize, and initiate an urinary tract infection.
Improper hygienic practices:
- Improper hygienic practices in women contributes significantly to the development of UTI. The urethral opening in women is anatomically situated close to the anus.
- Improper hygiene after bowel movement and wiping from back to front can transmit bacteria from the anal region to the urethra, resulting in UTI.
Poor immunity:
- Strong immune system, the body’s natural defense against invading microorganisms, help prevent growth of microorganisms and thus prevent development of UTI.
- Compromised immune states, such as, poorly controlled diabetes, HIV infection, malnutrition, and individuals undergoing chemotherapy or radiation result in poor defense and consequently, exercise poor check on the growth of infecting microorganisms.
- This can lead to development of UTIs.
