Patient was educated on phases and mechanism of respiration as follows:

1. The process of normal quiet respiration involves 2 phases.

• Inspiration or breathing-in
• Expiration or breathing-out

2. Inspiration is an active process that requires energy for contraction of muscles of respiration. Expiration is a passive process of relaxation of these muscles and does not require any expenditure of energy.
3. Inspiration is a phase of respiration that is brought on by contraction of the chief muscles of respiration, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles.
4. Contraction of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles will result in expansion of the thoracic cavity, decrease in the air pressure in the thoracic cavity, with consequent air flow into the chest from outside.
5. Expiration is a phase of respiration that is brought on by relaxation of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles.
6. Relaxation of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles will result in contraction of the thoracic cavity, increase in the pressure in the thoracic cavity, with consequent air flow out of the chest.