Patient was educated on functions of kidney as follows: Red Blood Cell Regulation When the red blood cell count is low, oxygen transport to the tissues is affected and kidneys will monitor this drop in oxygen supply. In response to the reduced oxygen supply, kidneys will produce a hormone called erythropoietin, which stimulates the bone marrow to produce more oxygen carrying red blood cells. Acid Base Balance Kidneys help to maintain an ideal body environment, [...]
Patient was educated on functions of kidney as follows: Water Excretion The kidneys filter out toxins, excess salts, and urea and uric acid, a nitrogen-based waste created by cell metabolism. By filtering these waste products into urine and excreting them from the body, kidneys help in preventing accumulation of harmful waste products. Water Level Balancing Kidneys help in maintaining proper fluid balance in the body. Kidneys aid in reabsorption of water, when the body is depleted [...]
Patient was given an overview of kidneys as follows: The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs located on either side, in the upper abdominal cavity against the muscles of the back. The kidneys serve major functions in a human body, such as, extract waste from blood, balance body fluids, form urine, secrete some hormones, aid in regulation of blood pressure, and in other important functions of the body.
Patient was educated on effects on smoking on arteriopathy: Smoking causes production of free radicals that result in oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. Inflamed inner lining of blood vessels will set the ground for cholesterol and fatty deposition in the blood vessel lining. The cholesterol and fatty deposition in the blood vessel is called plaque. Deposition of plaque lead to the narrowing of blood vessels and restrict blood flow, which lead to peripheral artery disease [...]
Patient was educated on late findings of peripheral artery disease as follows: If the compromised blood supply continues for prolonged period, severe ischemia of the extremity can occur resulting in pain in the extremity even at rest. In the initial stages of this condition, gravity helps to some extent to provide blood supply to the distal extremity. But, as the condition progresses, the blood vessels are further compromised and even gravity will not help increased [...]