Risk Factors for Development of Varicose Veins-1

Patient was instructed regarding risk factors for development of varicose veins as follows: Age With advancing age, the valves in the veins helping with unidirectional blood flow in the lower limbs, towards the heart, lose their ability to regulate the blood flow. Also, the veins lose their elasticity with age, allowing them to stretch beyond limits and accommodate increasing volume of venous blood, thus increasing the chances for formation of varicose veins. Pregnancy Blood volume [...]

Signs and Symptoms of Varicose Veins

Patient was instructed regarding signs and symptoms of varicose veins as follows: Aching pain in the legs, secondary to increased accumulation of blood in the veins Worsening pain and muscle cramps in the legs with activity and exercise, secondary to reduced oxygen supply to the working muscles Dark blue or purple colored cord like veins in the lower limbs, secondary to accumulation of deoxygenated blood in the veins Swelling of the limbs, secondary to venous [...]

Pathophysiology of Varicose Veins

Patient was instructed regarding pathophysiology of varicose veins as follows: Draining of blood from the upper body to the heart, such as, head and neck, to the heart, is mainly dependent on gravity, which is a force acting downward in the direction of blood flow. Draining of venous blood from the lower parts of the body, such as, both lower extremities and abdomen, to the heart, happens to be an issue, as this volume of [...]

Functions of Veins in the Body

Patient was instructed regarding functions of veins in the body as follows: Veins are blood vessels that help with return of deoxygenated blood from various organs of the body to the right side of heart. The smaller veins in the upper part of the body merge to form one large vein, superior vena cava, and drain all deoxygenated blood from the upper body, above the heart level, into the right heart. The smaller veins in [...]

Nurse Teachings on Cardiac Ablation

Patient was educated on cardiac ablation as follows: Occasionally, small areas in the heart can initiate electrical signal resulting in a beat that is not in synchronization with the regular heartbeat initiated in the natural pacemaker of the heart. This abnormal beat can be totally out of place and result in abnormal rhythms, sometimes leading to an ineffective and abnormally increased heartbeat. Cardiac ablation is a procedure used to destroy such areas in the heart [...]