Patient was educated on depolarization and repolarization due to movement of ions as follows:

• Depolarization and repolarization are the electrical events brought about by movement of ions in and out of the pacemaker cells and heart muscle cells.
• The inward movement of calcium ions result in depolarization of pacemaker cell. The depolarization wave spreads from one pacemaker cell to the next. The spread of this depolarization wave along the pacemaker cells results in initiation of a beat in the sinoatrial node, which is the natural pacemaker of the heart.
• The inward movement of sodium and calcium ions result in depolarization of cardiac muscle cell. The depolarization wave spreads from one cardiac cell to the next. The spread of this depolarization wave along the heart muscle cells results in contraction of the heart muscle.
• The outward movement of potassium ions results in repolarization of the pacemaker and the heart muscle cells. The repolarization wave spreads from one cell to the next in the pacemaker and heart muscle cells, contributing to their relaxation.
• One depolarization and one repolarization wave together make one action potential.