Patient/caregiver was instructed regarding mechanism of action of Semaglutide as follows:

• Semaglutide binds to Glucagon-like peptide -1 hormone receptors on pancreatic beta cells and acts as an agonist at these receptors. This helps the beta cells of pancreas to release more insulin in response to elevated blood sugar levels. This released insulin helps move the sugar from the blood into the cells, thus reducing the blood sugar levels.
• Glucagon is a hormone produced by the alpha cells of pancreas in response to low blood sugar states such as fasting. Glucagon is also released from alpha cells of pancreas in times of increased energy demands, such as during physical exercise. Glucagon breaks down the stored glucose in the cells and increases the blood sugar levels. This increased blood sugar levels help with fasting and increased energy demand states. Semaglutide suppresses the release of hormone glucagon from the alpha cells of pancreas, thus controlling the breakdown of stored glucose and thereby, controlling the blood sugar levels.
• Semaglutide also slows down the rate food leaves the stomach, thus delaying the gastric emptying. Consequently, food stays in the stomach longer, inducing a feeling of fullness. This leads to controlled appetite, reduced need for nutrition intake, overall decrease in calorie consumption, which contributes eventually to weight loss. Weight loss can help the body become more sensitive to insulin and improve overall insulin efficiency, thus helping with improved blood sugar control. Controlled nutrition intake and reduced calorie consumption secondary to Semaglutide use also helps control the abrupt spiking of blood sugar numbers, thus stabilizing blood sugar control.