Patient/caregiver was instructed on normal sinus rhythm as follows:

1. Heart has a natural pacemaker, SA node, which initiates the impulse for a heartbeat.
2. In a healthy heart with normally functioning SA node, the beats are evenly spaced out, at a rate of 60 – 100 beats/minute. This evenly spaced out pattern of heartbeats is called the normal heart rhythm or sinus rhythm.
3. The impulse initiated in the SA node, with the help of other conductive tissues, spreads along the rest of heart muscle.
4. This spread of impulse along the various conductive tissues and heart muscle proceeds in a defined path, thus helping with the programmed opening and closing of heart valves and organized contraction of individual heart chambers.
5. Programmed opening and closing of heart valves and organized contraction of heart chambers help with forward pumping of blood from one heart chamber to the next.
6. Organized spread of impulse along the heart muscle helps with blood flow, only in one direction, along the various heart chambers and prevents any disturbances with flow.